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匹配条件： “Guido Biasco” ，找到相关结果约3472条。
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Role of molecular analysis in the adjuvant treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumours: It is time to define it
Margherita Nannini,Maria A Pantaleo,Guido Biasco
World Journal of Gastroenterology , 2013, DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i16.2583

Abstract: Sendur et al pointed out the attention on the importance of mutational analysis for adjuvant treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in an article published in World Journal of Gastroenterology. In particular, they suggested that the optimal dose and duration of adjuvant therapy could be defined by the mutational status of the primary disease. This comment would underline the importance of centralised laboratories, given the increasingly important role of molecular analysis in the work-flow of all GIST, and the need of retrospective analyses for subgroups population stratified for the mutational status from the available studies in the adjuvant setting, in order to define the role of mutational analysis in choosing the optimal dose and duration of adjuvant therapy.

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The role of mutational analysis of KIT and PDGFRA in gastrointestinal stromal tumors in a clinical setting
Alessandra Maleddu, Maria A Pantaleo, Margherita Nannini, Guido Biasco
Journal of Translational Medicine , 2011, DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-75

Abstract: Mutation of tyrosine kinase receptors is a mechanism of drug resistance that can occur either at the beginning of treatment (primary resistance) or during the course of therapy (secondary resistance). In addition, mutational status can predict the response to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but the role of mutational status as a prognostic factor remains controversial.Evidence of a potential role of mutational status as a prognostic factor has emerged over the past decade. The presence of KIT exon 11 insertion/deletion involving either one or both Trp557-Lys558 amino acids correlates with a poorer clinical outcome if compared to patients with tumors wild type for KIT exon 11 mutations. A malignant clinical behavior has also been documented for KIT exon 13 and KIT exon 9 mutant GIST. Patients with GIST harboring a PDGFRA mutation seem to have a better prognosis than the others.The aim of this paper is to review the clinical significance of tyrosine kinase mutational status.Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. They arise mostly in the stomach, followed by the small bowel and colon. Less frequently they are found in the rectum, esophagus or in an extra-gastrointestinal location. The biology of GIST has been widely investigated since Hirota et al. [1] demonstrated mutations of the KIT receptor as a pathogenic mechanism of GIST. Other mutations affecting KIT exons 9, 13 and 17 have been demonstrated [2,3]. About 15% of GIST do not express KIT mutations and of these approximately 5 to 7% have a mutation affecting the gene encoding for PDGFRA [4]. There is also a small subgroup of GIST, called wild type (WT), which do not harbor either KIT or PDGFRA mutations [5].KIT and PDGFRA are two trans-membrane receptors that belong to the type III tyrosine kinase family whose natural ligands are stem cell factor (SCF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Both receptors have a similar structure with five immunoglobulin

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The emerging role of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1r) in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs)
Maria A Pantaleo, Annalisa Astolfi, Margherita Nannini, Guido Biasco
Journal of Translational Medicine , 2010, DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-8-117

Abstract: Recent years have seen a growing interest in insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) in medical oncology. IGF1R is a tyrosine kinase receptor that binds both IGF1 and IGF2 [1]. After ligand binding, the tyrosine kinase domain is activated and stimulates the intracellular signaling pathways that control the proliferation rate and apoptosis (Figure 1). Two key signal-transduction networks have been identified: GPTase Ras-Raf-ERK/MAPK and PI3K-AKT/mTOR [2]. The IGF system plays a key role in the growth and development of normal tissue. However, aberrations of this molecular pathway such as overexpression of IGF1R, elevated plasma levels of IGF1, loss of IGF2 imprinting, or genetic polymorphisms of the gene encoding IGF1 have been found in many cancers, affecting multiple aspects of malignancy such as tumor growth and metastases [3,4]. The biologic role of the IGF system in rhabdomyosarcomas, neuroblastomas, osteosarcomas and soft-tissue sarcomas has been widely demonstrated by preclinical and clinical evidence [5-20]. The IGF1R pathway has also been shown to exhibit cross-talk with a number of other signaling pathways such as EGFR and HER2, suggesting a possible role in mediating resistance to drugs targeting these molecules [21,22]. Therefore IGF1R has been investigated in cancer therapy and strategies for its inhibition in sarcoma have already been reported [23-26]. Inhibition of IGF1R affects Ewing's sarcoma cell growth in vivo [27,28] and seems to sensitize sarcoma cells to conventional agents by a synergistic interaction, suggesting a therapeutic combination approach [29,30]. Although the family of sarcomas is the most investigated field, aberrant IGFIR signaling has been implicated in other solid tumors, including lung, breast and colon cancer [31-35]. Interesting data have been reported on IGF1R in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) [36-40]. Current literature on IGF1R in GISTs needs to be updated with a discussion on future perspectives in this field

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Neoadjuvant Treatment in Rectal Cancer: Actual Status
Ingrid Garajová,Stefania Di Girolamo,Francesco de Rosa,Jody Corbelli,Valentina Agostini,Guido Biasco,Giovanni Brandi
Chemotherapy Research and Practice , 2011, DOI: 10.1155/2011/839742

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The National Tumor Association Foundation (ANT): A 30 year old model of home palliative care
Marina Casadio, Guido Biasco, Amy Abernethy, Valeria Bonazzi, Raffaella Pannuti, Franco Pannuti
BMC Palliative Care , 2010, DOI: 10.1186/1472-684x-9-12

Abstract: Data were collected from the 1986-2008 ANT archives and documents from the Emilia-Romagna Region Health Department, Italy. Outcomes of interest were changed in: number of patients served, performance status at admission (Karnofsky Performance Status score [KPS]), length of participation in the program (days of care provided), place of death (home vs. hospital/hospice), and satisfaction with care. Statistical methods included linear and quadratic regressions. A linear and a quadratic regressions were generated; the independent variable was the year, while the dependent one was the number of patients from 1986 to 2008. Two linear regressions were generated for patients died at home and in the hospital, respectively. For each regression, the R square, the unstandardized and standardized coefficients and related P-values were estimated.The number of patients served by ANT has increased continuously from 131 (1986) to a cumulative total of 69,336 patients (2008), at a steady rate of approximately 121 additional patients per year and with no significant gender difference. The annual number of home visits increased from 6,357 (1985) to 904,782 (2008). More ANT patients died at home than in hospice or hospital; this proportion increased from 60% (1987) to 80% (2007). The rate of growth in the number of patients dying in hospital/hospice was approximately 40 patients/year (p < 0.01), vs. approximately 177 patients/year for patients who died at home. The percentage of patients with KPS < 40 at admission decreased from 70% (2003) to 30% (2008); the percentage of patients with KPS > 40 increased. Mean days of care for patients with KPS > 40 exceeded mean days for patients with KPS < 40 (p < 0.001). Patients and caregivers reported high satisfaction with care in each year of assessment; in 2008, among 187 interviewed caregivers, 95% judged the quality of doctors' assistance, and 91% judged the quality of nurses' assistance, to be "optimal."The ANT home care model of palliative c

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Development of coronary artery stenosis in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with sorafenib
Maria A Pantaleo, Anna Mandrioli, Maristella Saponara, Margherita Nannini, Giovanna Erente, Cristian Lolli, Guido Biasco
BMC Cancer , 2012, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-231

Abstract: We describe a patient who experienced an unusual cardiac event after 2？years of sorafenib treatment. A 58-year-old man with mRCC developed acute coronary syndrome (ischemia/infarction) associated with critical sub-occlusion of the common trunk of the left coronary artery and some of its branches, which was documented on coronary angiography. The patient underwent triple coronary artery bypass surgery, and sorafenib treatment was discontinued. He did not have any cardiovascular risk factors, and his cardiac function and morphology were normal prior to sorafenib treatment.Further investigation of a larger patient population is needed to better understand cardiac damage due to TKI treatment. Understanding the usefulness of careful cardiovascular monitoring might be important for the prevention of fatal cardiovascular events, and to avoid discontinuation of therapy for the underlying cancer.

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Abstract: Neoadjuvant (preoperative) concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has become a standard treatment of locally advanced rectal adenocarcinomas. The clinical stages II (cT3-4, N0, M0) and III (cT1-4, N+, M0) according to International Union Against Cancer (IUCC) are concerned. It can reduce tumor volume and subsequently lead to an increase in complete resections (R0 resections), shows less toxicity, and improves local control rate. The aim of this review is to summarize actual approaches, main problems, and discrepancies in the treatment of locally advanced rectal adenocarcinomas. 1. Indication and Benefit of Neoadjuvant Treatment Rectal cancer is one of the most common cancers and accounts for approximately 1/3 of the deaths due to colorectal cancer in 2009 [1]. In well-selected patients (i.e., those with well-differentiated T1 cancers involving <40% of the circumference, without lymphovascular invasion), particularly when the only other option is abdominoperineal resection (APR), local excision seems to be a viable option [2]. Locally advanced rectal cancer is comprised of tumors with extension beyond the muscularis propria (≥T3) and/or those with clinical or pathologic evidence for lymph node metastasis (N+); in these cases multimodality approaches are recommended [1]. Such multimodality approaches are applicable to patients with rectal cancers at or below the peritoneal reflection. This designation generally represents cancers below 12？cm from the anal verge. Generally, the treatment of tumors localized more than 12？cm from anal verge is based on the colon cancer paradigm. The determination of “node positivity” in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer can be difficult. Most lymph nodes involved by rectal cancer are less than 1？cm, but not all lymph nodes detected by MRI or TRUS represent metastatic disease; therefore, some patients can be understaged. Neoadjuvant CRT may also be considered if the preoperative staging evaluation suggests the presence of mesorectal invasion [3]. This finding is highly predictive of residual tumor at the circumferential margin [4]. Neoadjuvant CRT is more effective than adjuvant therapy in reducing local recurrence and in minimizing toxicity [5]. It is associated with tumor downstaging, significantly higher rate of pathologic complete response (pCR), significantly less advanced pT and pN stage, and fewer cases with venous, perineural, or lymphatic invasion, increased tumor resectability [6]. Multivariate analyses confirmed that the response to neoadjuvant CRT was predictive of improved OS among the patients with

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Antitumoral Efficacy of the Protease Inhibitor Gabexate Mesilate in Colon Cancer Cells Harbouring KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA Mutations
Giovanni Brandi, Simona Tavolari, Francesco De Rosa, Stefania Di Girolamo, Valentina Agostini, Maria Aurelia Barbera, Giorgio Frega, Guido Biasco
PLOS ONE , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041347

Abstract: The employment of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies represents a backbone of the therapeutic options for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, this therapy is poorly effective or ineffective in unselected patients. Mutations in KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA genes have recently emerged as the best predictive factors of low/absent response to EGFR-targeted therapy. Due to the need for efficacious treatment options for mCRC patients bearing these mutations, in this short report we examined the antitumoral activity of the protease inhibitor gabexate mesilate, alone and in combination with the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab, in a panel of human CRC cell lines harbouring a different expression pattern of wild-type/mutated KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA genes. Results obtained showed that gabexate mesilate significantly inhibited the growth, invasive potential and tumour-induced angiogenesis in all the CRC cells employed in this study (including those ones harbouring dual KRAS/PIK3CA or BRAF/PIK3CA mutation), while cetuximab affected these parameters only in CRC cells with KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA wild-type. Notably, the antitumoral efficacy of gabexate mesilate and cetuximab in combination was found to be not superior than that observed with gabexate mesilate as single agent. Overall, these preliminary findings suggest that gabexate mesilate could represent a promising therapeutic option for mCRC patients, particularly for those harbouring KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations, either as mono-therapy or in addition to standard chemotherapy regimens. Further studies to better elucidate gabexate mesilate mechanism of action in CRC cells are therefore warranted.

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State of the art biological therapies in pancreatic cancer
Andrea Palloni,Claudio Ricci,Donatella Santini,Elisa Grassi,Guido Biasco,Mariacristina Di Marco,Marina Macchini,Riccardo Casadei,Riccardo Panzacchi,Sandra Durante,Silvia Vecchiarelli
- , 2016, DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i1.55

Abstract:

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Adjuvant chemotherapy for resected colorectal cancer metastases: Literature review and meta-analysis
Filippo Gustavo Dall’Olio,Giovanni Brandi,Guido Biasco,Margherita Nannini,Maria Abbondanza Pantaleo,Maria Aurelia Barbera,Marta Ottone,Stefania Curti,Stefania De Lorenzo
- , 2016, DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i2.519

Abstract:

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